====== Extended Examples ======
===== Real Fugue in Two Parts =====

({{ :cherubini_counterpoint_and_fugue:extended_examples:ex212.pdf |Download PDF}} of Example 212)

Example of a real fugue in two parts:

{{ :cherubini_counterpoint_and_fugue:ex212.mp3 | :cherubini_counterpoint_and_fugue:ex212.ogg |}}

{{ :cherubini_counterpoint_and_fugue:ex212-1.png?800 |}}

{{ :cherubini_counterpoint_and_fugue:ex212-2.png?800 |}}

{{ :cherubini_counterpoint_and_fugue:ex212-3.png?800 |}}

==== General Remarks ====

On examining the foregoing example, it will be evident that the development of a ''Fugue'' is entirely deduced from the ''Subject'', and from the ''Counter-Subject''; it is that which forms the unity of a piece of music of this kind.

As it is necessary to give to each of the parts - whatever be their number - a //repose// ((cadence)), or cessation, in order to vary the effects, these reposes, or cessations, should take place in a part before the passage where the ''Subject'' or the ''Response'' is to enter. ((It is not of absolute necessity to introduce a //repose// or cessation before the entrance of the //stretto//; but when introduced, it makes this entrance tell better, by isolating it from that which precedes; and thus produces a very good effect. Neither is it indispensable, in making the indicated repose, or cessation, to have it upon the ascertained //key// of the //dominant//, or upon the //ascertained relative minor key//, or upon the chord of the //dominant of this minor key//, or upon the //ascertained minor key of the mediant//, or, lastly, upon the //dominant of the principal key// changed into the //minor//; for here - after having prepared it some bars in advance - is the proper place for introducing this minor key into a ''Fugue''. That which has just been stated with regard to the repose in question aplies to every kind of ''Fugue'', whatever be its number of component parts.))  When these cessations are employed under other circumstances, the part which ceases, should never re-enter idly, without reason, or by fillings-up; but it should re-enter, either to respond to some ''Imitation'' already proposed, or to propose one in its turn.

It is also particularly recommended, to eschew monotony in the choice of ideas, and in that of the design and phrases; this defeat is blameable in every kind of music; but it is one into which it is easy to fall, in composing a ''Fugue'', if all the ideas forming the whole be derived either from the ''Subject'', or from the ''Counter-Subject'', with a view to the too-strict preservation of that unity in character, above mentioned. In order to avoid this defect, attention must be paid, when planning a ''Digression'', not to employ the same fragments of ''Subject'' or ''Counter-Subject'', which were used in the preceeding ''Digression''. With this precaution, and by skilfully varying the modulations, and the aspects of imitations, by inversion, monotony will be avoided.

Another remark that should be made, is, that in a ''Fugue'', whether //real// or //tonal//, of which the ''Response'' is always in the ''fifth'' of the tonic, all the imitations in the course of the ''Fugue'' should be made in the same interval as the ''Response''; or in the //fourth//, which is an inverted //fifth//.

As to a ''Fugue of Imitation'', if the response is at the //fifth//, or at the //fourth// of the ''Subject'', the same law which served as a guide in //real// and //tonal fugues// must be observed with regard to imitations; but if the ''Response'' be at the //second//, or at the //third//, or at the //sixth//, or at the //seventh//, or at their compounds, the imitations during the ''Fugue'' should always be made at the distance indicated by the ''Response'' at the commencement. It may be added, that,  the introduction of imitations at the //unison// and at the //octave//, is permitted, whatever be the kind of ''Fugue'', and in whatever degree or interval the ''Response'' may be.

From these observations, the examples may be continued without necessity for adding anything more to that which has already been said on the subject of ''Fugue''.